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Swarms Of Quakes Detected At Mount Saint Helens

Posted: 8:38 am PDT September 24, 2004Updated: 4:33 pm PDT September 24, 2004

Hundreds of tiny earthquakes have been reported at Mount St. Helens, but it is unlikely they pose any hazard to anyone outside of the volcano's crater, state seismologist Tony Qamar said Friday.

Data from Pacific Northwest Seismograph Network

Seven hundred to 800 quakes struck by late afternoon on Friday, KIRO 7 Eyewitness News reported.

Data from the Pacific Northwest Seismograph Network Web site show the small quakes in red and blue.

Qamar said the seismology lab at the University of Washington in Seattle is having trouble keeping up with the tiny quakes that began Thursday and show no sign of letting up.

"We're having a swarm of very small quakes -- hundreds and hundreds -- right under the dome inside the crater," Qamar said.

"It's not a major hazard," he said. "At this point we want to be cautious. I wouldn't recommend going into the crater today."

Heavy autumn rains may have caused groundwater to percolate into hot rock beneath the surface of the crater, "which would, of course, increase pressures down there," said seismology lab coordinator Bill Steele.

It would also raise "the possibility of small steam explosions that could hurl rocks down within the crater itself," he said.

Mount Saint Helens
Mount Saint Helens

Data from the Cascade Volcano Observatory, including gas samples collected by aircraft, will help scientists pin down the source of the quake swarm, Steele said. Changes in the gases' chemical composition can offer clues as to what's happening deeper within the volcano, he said.

The frequency likely will die down, Steele said.

The quakes are too small to be felt, even close to the southwest Washington mountain, Qamar said.

A similar swarm of quakes in November 2001 and another in the summer of 1998 did not result in an eruption. However, the quakes could increase the likelihood of small rock slides from the 876-foot-tall lava dome within the mountain's crater.

Mount St. Helens erupted on May 18, 1980, leaving 57 people dead, devastating hundreds of square miles around the peak and spewing ash over much of the Northwest. The last dome-building eruption, in which magma reached the surface and added to the pile of lava on the crater floor, was in October 1986.

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